Evaluation of the mos sf36 physical functioning scale pf40. It yields an 8scale profile of functional health and wellbeing scores as well as psychometricallybased physical and mental health summary scores and a preferencebased health utility index. An analysis of the sf36 physical function subscale and the. Comparison of sf36 and whoqol100 in patients with stroke. The objective of this study was to develop a crosswalk between scores on the pf10 and haqdi in ra. Conversely, physical functioning and physical role limitations were generally not associated with the sms but were associated with physical abilities and pain on the nhp.
Reliability and validity of the sf36 health survey. The theoretical model of the sf36 assumes that the physical functioning 10 items, bodily pain 2 items, and role physical 4 items scales. In an ms population, the cronbachs alphas for the various subscales of the sf36 range from. The original sf36 stemmed from the medical outcome study, mos. Evaluation of the mos sf36 physical functioning scale pf. All respondentss answers to sf36 were analyzed using a software that made data processing a lot easier and it established the final results of the selfevaluation.
Performance of the sf36, sf12, and rand36 summary scales. The scoring system for the sf 36 is relatively complex and. Sf36 data were collected in 100 hospital outpatients with rheumatoid arthritis. Selfreported physical functioning at baseline was assessed using the physical functioning pf scale on the rand 36item health survey. You are welcome to subscribe to email updates, or add your sasblog to the site. The correlations between the whoqolbref domains and sf36 subscales. Development and evaluation of a crosswalk between the sf36. A second version was developed in 1996 sf36v2 to correct deficiencies identified in the original version. An analysis of the sf36 physical function subscale and the barthel index for use in the subarachnoid hemorrhage population sheila alexander, rn, bsn, research associate 1, yookyung kim, phd, assistant professor 2, mary kerr, rn, phd, faan, director for the center for nursing research 1. The sf36 is a multipurpose, shortform health survey with 36 items. The sf36 also includes a singleitem measure of health transition or change. The tscores are a linear transformation of the 0100 possible range scoring for the sf36vr12 scales that gives every scale a mean of 50 and standard deviation of 10, normed to the us general population. Sf36 and whoqolbref in the evaluation of qol in cad patients is weak.
The sf36 can also be divided into two aggregate summary measures the physical component summary pcs and the mental component summary mcs. Assessment of changes in general health status using the shortform. There are numerous such surveys available, one of which is the physical functioning scale pfs of the 36item short form health survey sf36. The sf 36 is an indicator of overall health status. Longterm functioning and wellbeing outcomes associated with physical activity and exercise in patients with chronic conditions in the medical outcomes study. The sf 36 is a measure of health status and an abbreviated variant of it, the sf 6d, is commonly used in health economics as a variable in the qualityadjusted life year calculation to determine the costeffectiveness of a health treatment. In an ms population, the cronbachs alphas for the various subscales of the sf 36 range from. The pase measures the level of selfreported physical activity in individuals aged 65 years or older and is comprised of items regarding occupational, household, and leisure activities during the previous 7day period.
Nov 15, 20 the sf 36 physical functioning scale pf10 and the health assessment questionnaire disability index haqdi are the most frequently used instruments for measuring selfreported physical function in rheumatoid arthritis ra. Development and evaluation of a crosswalk between the sf. Survey is administered as a questionnaire and can be selfadministered or completed through an interview. Sf36 introduction the sf36 is a multipurpose, shortform health survey with only 36 questions1. It yields an eightscale profile of scores as well as physical and mental summary measures. In phase i, the malay version of the sf 36 was administered to asthmatics at six government hospitals from different regions ofthe country. It yields an eight scale profile of scores as well as physical and mental summary measures. Benchmarks for interpretation of score differences on the sf.
This information will help keep track of how you feel and how well you are able to do your usual activities. The sf 36 includes multiitem scales to measure the following 8 dimensions the question numbers refer to those in exhibit 10. It is measured with different instruments that are not directly comparable, making comparative effectiveness research cer challenging when pf is the outcome of interest. There is considerable evidence for the validity of the sf36 in a variety of populations including ms. This set of questions asks for your views about your health. Item response theory irt methods were used to cocalibrate both. The short form 36 health survey is a 36item, patientreported survey of patient health. We associate differences in sf 36 scores with relative risks rrs of the four outcomes. Item response theory irt methods were used to cocalibrate. Since then a group of researchers from the original study released a commercial version of sf36while the original sf36 is available in public domain license free from rand.
In conclusion, this study offers evidence of the discriminant validity of the general mental health and physical functioning scales of the sf 36. In conclusion, this study offers evidence of the discriminant validity of the general mental health and physical functioning scales of the sf36. The sf36 and whoqol100 quality of life instruments were used in this study. Medical outcomes study questionnaire short form 36 health survey sf 36 about. The scoring system developed for the physical functioning scale pf10, used in both the 149 item medical outcomes study mos functioning and wellbeing profile 2 and the sf36 health survey 3, is a likert summated rating scale approach 4 in which the total physical functioning score is determined by a simple algebraic sum of the ten. The malaysian context distribution, with the peaks at the mmlmum and. For example, sixlevel response scales were reduced to fivelevel. It consists of 12 questions regarding the frequency and duration of leisure activity e. The sf36 and rand36 include the same set of items that were developed in the. We analyze the sf 36 scales as continuous variables and report rrs for a 1point score difference to allow easy calculations of rrs for other score differences. The sf36 physical functioning scale pf10 and the health assessment questionnaire disability index haqdi are the most frequently used instruments for measuring selfreported physical function in rheumatoid arthritis ra. Each of the 8 scale measures are available as both a raw score and a tscore for all mhos eras sf 36 and vr12. The sf36 includes one multiitem scale that assesses eight health concepts.
Many patients had uncorrected cad risk factors at pre operative assessment. The standardized short form health survey 36 sf36 is an important tool for the assessment of quality of life 1 1. May 20, 2015 physical function pf is a common health concept measured in clinical trials and clinical care. Physical activity scale for the elderly rehabmeasures database. A 36 item shortform sf 36 was constructed to survey health status in the medical outcomes study. Establishing a common metric for physical function. It yields an 8 scale profile including functional health, and mental health. Developed by rand in 1992, the sf36 is a 36question survey derived from the medical outcomes study mos, a multiyear study to explain variations in patient outcomes. The sf36 includes multiitem scales to measure the following 8 dimensions the question numbers refer to those in exhibit 10. This modified version of the translated sf 36 was then used in a twophasedstudy between 1999 and 2000. The sf12 is a generic measure and does not target a specific age or disease group. The original sf 36 stemmed from the medical outcome study, mos, which was conducted by the rand corporation. The tscores are a linear transformation of the 0100 possible range scoring for the sf 36 vr12 scales that gives every scale a mean of 50 and standard deviation of 10, normed to the us general population.
Sf36, merlin software, validity, reliability, health status, data process. Request pdf physical functioning scale of the shortform sf 36. Sf 36 physical and mental health summary scales a manual. Depressed downhearted role physical rp items scales component summary measures 02chap02. Vickrey et al, 1995 in vickreys study, the physical functioning and role limitations due to physical problems subscales were the ones that best discriminated between ms patients and the. Sf 36 quality of life scale the sf 36 is a multipurpose, shortform health survey with only 36 questions. The sf 36 includes one multiitem scale that assesses eight health conce. An analysis of the sf36 physical function subscale and. The names of the scales, scale abbreviations, the number of items included in each and the maximum number of items imputed are shown below.
Dewey, barbara gandek snippet view 2000 common terms and phrases. Health status questionnaire sf36 national multiple. Mar 15, 2016 longterm functioning and wellbeing outcomes associated with physical activity and exercise in patients with chronic conditions in the medical outcomes study. It is important that a license agreement be executed prior to using or reproducing optum patientreported outcome surveys. Pcs mcs mean percent percentage pf rp bp physical and mental presented range reliability reported respondents role rp bp gh sample scale scores severity sf re mh significant social standard deviation statistical. Usefulness of the sf36 health survey in screening for. Sf36 is listed in the worlds largest and most authoritative dictionary database of abbreviations and acronyms. The sf 36 and rand 36 include the same set of items that were developed in the. Mean scores on the sf36 subscales are presented in table 2.
Cut down time roleemotional re physical health mental health 3h. Ware and sherbourne give an extended description of the origins of the sf 36 and of its links with the other mos instruments 1. Correlation of the sf36 physical summary is moderate with the behavioural risk factor surveillance system items pearsons r0. Unidimensionality and reproducibility of the rasch item scale. The lowest sf36 scores were for the general health and role limitations due to physical problems subscales while the highest scores were for the. Benchmarks for interpretation of score differences on the. Physical function pf is a common health concept measured in clinical trials and clinical care. It yields an 8scale profile including functional health, and mental health. This is a generic assessment of healthrelated quality of life hr qol from the clientpatients perspective. The sf36 is a measure of health status and an abbreviated variant of it, the sf6d, is commonly used in health economics as a variable in the qualityadjusted life year calculation to determine the costeffectiveness of a health treatment. There is considerable evidence for the validity of the sf 36 in a variety of populations including ms.
Jun 05, 20 theoriginal sf 36 came out from the medical outcome study, mos, done by the rand corporation. Many improvements were made to the sf 36v2 to shorten and simplify the wording and make it more familiar. Brazilian normative data for the short form 36 questionnaire, version 2. The sf 36 is a multipurpose, shortform health survey with 36 items. The scales were evaluated by comparing the scores of a cohort of 194 ms patients with general population data and using the expanded disability status scale edss and the incapacity status scalemental as criterion variables for physical functioning and mental health. Please complete and submit this brief survey license request so we may contact you. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of the shortform health survey sf36 mental health subscale mh and mental component summary mcs scores in identifying the presence of probable major depressive or anxiety disorder in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. A prospective repeated measures design was used to produce a backspecific version of the short form36 physical functioning scale sf36 pf by rasch analysis of a pool of items from the sf36 pf. Each scale reportedly provides a valid representation of the criterion to be measured ware, 1993.
Lifespace assessment and physical activity scale for the elderly. We analyze the sf36 scales as continuous variables and report rrs for a 1point score difference to allow easy calculations of rrs for other score differences. A 36item shortform sf36 was constructed to survey health status in the medical outcomes study. Ware and sherbourne give an extended description of the origins of the sf36 and of its links with the other mos instruments 1. During the past 4 weeks, have you had any of the following problems with your work or other regular daily activities as a result of your physical health. A prospective repeated measures design was used to produce a backspecific version of the short form 36 physical functioning scale sf 36 pf by rasch analysis of a pool of items from the sf 36 pf. It yields an 8 scale profile of functional health and wellbeing scores as well as psychometricallybased physical and mental health summary scores and a preferencebased health utility index. Sf 36 physical and mental health summary scales a manual for users of version 1 betty hightower. Theoriginal sf36 came out from the medical outcome study, mos, done by the rand corporation.
A low backspecific version of the sf36 physical functioning. Medical outcomes study questionnaire short form 36 health. The short form 36 health survey questionnaire the sf36 was developed in the usa for use in the rand corporations health insurance experiment. Internal consistency and validity with older adults there is a needto characterize the physical functioning of older adults. Since then a group of researchers from the original study released a commercial version of sf 36while the original sf 36 is available in public domain license free from rand. However, the value of these two instruments among cad patients has not been. The scoring system for the sf36 is relatively complex and. The sf36 was designed for use in clinical practice and research, health policy evaluations, and general population surveys. The lowest sf36 scores were for the general health and role limitations due to physical problems subscales while the highest scores were for the social functioning and physical functioning subscales. The sf 36 is a widely used and accepted global health assessment measure that has proven to be useful in differentiating the health benefits produced by a wide range of different treatments. The sf36 includes one multiitem scale that assesses eight health conce. Sf36 scales abbreviation number of items in scale maximum number of items imputed physical health physical functioning pf 10 5 role physical rp 4 2 bodily pain bp 2 1 general health gh 5 2 mental health vitality vt 4 2 social functioning sf 2 1 role emotional re 3 1 mental health mh 5 2. Sf12v2 is a shortened form 12 items of the sf36v2 health survey.
Physical activity scale for the elderly rehabmeasures. Wellbeing, or quality of life, may change with aging, and may largely depend on changes in functional, emotional, cognitive, and social functioning. We associate differences in sf36 scores with relative risks rrs of the four outcomes. The sf36 consists of eight scaled scores, which are the weighted sums of the questions in their section. Sf 36 scales abbreviation number of items in scale maximum number of items imputed physical health physical functioning pf 10 5 role physical rp 4 2 bodily pain bp 2 1. The sf 36 was designed for use in clinical practice and research, health policy evaluations, and general population surveys. Each of the 8 scale measures are available as both a raw score and a tscore for all mhos eras sf36 and vr12. Sf36 scales abbreviation number of items in scale maximum number of items imputed physical health physical functioning pf 10 5 role physical rp 4 2 bodily pain bp 2 1. Answer every question by marking the answer as indicated. An analysis of the sf 36 physical function subscale and the barthel index for use in the subarachnoid hemorrhage population sheila alexander, rn, bsn, research associate 1, yookyung kim, phd, assistant professor 2, mary kerr, rn, phd, faan, director for the center for nursing research 1, and howard yonas, md 3.
Physical functioning pf and social functioning sf also had substantial ceiling effects. Criterion validity is presented in the sf 36 manual for all dimensions except vitality and social functioning. Evaluation of the mos sf 36 physical functioning scale pf10. Physical functioning pf role physical rp bodily pain bp physical general health gh vitality vt. The short form health survey sf36 and who quality of.
The sf12 health survey measures several health status indicators. A closer examination of the sf36 mean change scores revealed less variation between the normative sf36 scores and the scores at follow up compared to the baseline score. Postoperative assessment measured health status using the sf36 instrument mean, 16. Reproducibility and validity of the physical activity scale for the elderly pase questionnaire in patients after total hip arthroplasty. Building on prior work, we hypothesize that each sf 36 scale is associated with each outcome. Our goal was to establish a common reporting metric, so that scores on commonly used physical function measures can be. The impact of peripheral artery disease on health related quality. Measurement instruments in lasa the sf12 health survey is a multipurpose shortform sf generic measure of health status. The scoring system developed for the physical functioning scale pf10, used in both the 149 item medical outcomes study mos functioning and wellbeing profile 2 and the sf 36 health survey 3, is a likert summated rating scale approach 4 in which the total physical functioning score is determined by a simple algebraic sum of the ten. The sf 36 and whoqol100 quality of life instruments were used in this study.
Short form 36 sf36 spinal cord injury research evidence. The sf 36 consists of eight scaled scores, which are the weighted sums of the questions in their section. The questions were combined, scored, and weighted to create two scales that provide glimpses into mental and physical functioning and overall healthrelatedquality of life. Each item is scored on the basis of the limitations perceived by surveyed individuals. Building on prior work, we hypothesize that each sf36 scale is associated with each outcome. Comparison of methods for the scoring and statistical. Sf36 quality of life scale the sf36 is a multipurpose, shortform health survey with only 36 questions. Transformed scaled score of subjects physical functioning physical functioning pf scale items, as part of version 2. Evaluation of the mos sf36 physical functioning scale pf10. The sf 36 has been linked to utilization of health care services, clinical course of depression and fiveyear survival ware, j. Depressed downhearted rolephysical rp items scales component summary measures 02chap02. There were also poor correlations between the physical component summary of the.